Autumn River Song

Li Bai · Tang

白发三千丈
bái fà sān qiān zhàng
缘愁似个长
yuán chóu sì gè cháng
不知明镜里
bù zhī míng jìng lǐ
何处得秋霜
hé chù dé qiū shuāng

White hair three thousand feet long

Sorrow seems to make it grow

I do not know in the bright mirror

Where did autumn frost descend

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Literal Translation

White hair three thousand feet long, sorrow seems to make it grow. I do not know in the bright mirror, where did autumn frost descend?

Poetic Translation

My white hair, three thousand feet it flows, lengthened it seems by sorrow's woes. Within the mirror's gleaming light, whence came this frost of autumn bright?

Cultural Context

This is one of seventeen poems in Li Bai's 'Autumn River Songs' series, written during his wanderings. Li Bai, known for his bold romanticism and hyperbolic imagery, transforms the conventional topic of aging into something fantastical and humorous. The absurdist image of three-thousand-foot-long hair growing from sorrow creates both comedy and pathos. The poem reflects the Chinese tradition of using natural imagery (autumn frost) to discuss human aging, while Li Bai's characteristic exaggeration elevates personal sorrow to cosmic proportions. Despite its humor, the poem conveys genuine anxiety about aging and the mysterious passage of time that transforms us without our full awareness.

Cultural Symbols:

White Hair: Aging, passage of time, accumulated sorrowsThree Thousand Feet: Hyperbole expressing overwhelming emotionMirror: Self-reflection, truth, confronting realityAutumn Frost: Natural metaphor for graying hair, seasonal change